Improvement in churns



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si-nrnerintnonin .Lam Patent No.' 105,475, aan .my 1o, 1ero,v

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IMPROVEMENT IN oneens.

` The Schedule referred-to in these Letters- Patent and malzing part of the same.

ToY all whom it may concern Be it known tl1at`I,`J. P. Marianna, of the city of Springfield-in the county of Clark and State oi Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Churns; and I hereby declare that the following is a full,cear, and' exact description' thereof, reference beingliadto the annexed drawings and to the letters of reference marked thereon, in which similar letters indicate like parts.

My invention consists in a churn off novel and peeuliar construction, with two sets of alternating beaters,

revolving in opposite directions and dri'ven'fby beveled gear, of compact form, one set of theheaters attached to theinner sha-ft, and the other to an outer or hollow'sliail, each shaft having a pinion upon it, which meshes into the driving-wheel, making the machine not only double-geared, but producing 'motion in opposite directions, thereby agitating the cream more i thoroughly, and separating the butter globules in the least possible time.` lhe two short shafts upon which y the pinions are, mounted are each provided with square ends, which t into recesses yofjsimilarshape in thevends of the Ibeater-racks '(which have metal plates upon them) next thgear end of theehnru.

'Theother ends of these racks haresmall journals,

" npn which they revolve.

A thimble or sleeve is tted into the end of the churn, through which the shafts work. These are supported in place by-a spring supporter, one end of which screws upon a projecting arm, while the other end, rests nponthe end of the inner shaft, a hole ,in

theend ofthe spring forming alcollar, to support the shaft, and keep it in position.

' `The spriugrsupportcr is kept tightly Iin'plaee upon the projecting arm'by a check-nut screwed against it, ,thus preventing any lateral motion of the pinionshafts. v l

The entire working mechanism of my churn can `be easily and quickly detached.` By loosening the eheck--nut which holds the spriugsupporter upon the projecting arm, and lifting the end ofthe spring whichbears upon theend of the pinion-shafts, the latter are released so that they can be drawn out endwise.V

A springelutch, Vbearing upon the shaft of the driving-wheel near the hub, is used to throw the machinery out of gear,` it being raised hy the thumb and fingers, and the driving-wheel shaft drawn `hack so as tov free the driving-wheel fron the pinions, and bring the hub of `it under the clutch, which `is held down by a spiral spring working upon theupright stem attached i to it. r

The inner heater-rack can vbe removed by simply,

slipping out the inner shaft. The churn is then ready 1in-"gathering, which is done with the outside beaten-` rack, which is turned in the opposite direction iron] Jhat used in churning the butter, the frame presenting a at surface on the back part, while on .the front it is beveled, in older to throw the cream toward the center, and to scrape the butter or cream from the sides while it is revolving. The handle or knob upon the lid has-an air-tube running up through it, to adoutlet` elsewhere.

1n the drawingsl Figure lis a plan view of my churn,'A representling the shell or box of the churn, which is of an oblong form, with square sides and ends, and a rounded or selnicrenlar bottom, for convenience 0l' getting out the butter, cleansing, Ste. A

B is theouter beater-rack, with beaters, b, fastened, at their outer ends, to the horizontal frame-pieces. Their inner ends are free.

, In revolving, these beaters pass betwcen`beaters c on the inside heater-rack O, which revolves in the opposite direction. These racks are suspended horzontally at their ends rin the churn-box A.

Dis the driving-wheel, which meshes into the pinions E and F, which move in opposite directions.

.The pinion Elias simply a hollow sleeve or shaft. attached to it,'with a square end, which fits into a recess iu the plate m on the end of beater-rack B.

The pinion-shaft of F is Aalso formed 'square on its inner end,and ts. into a recess in the plate n on rackrG.

is mounted.- It runs through lugs or boxes g. H is a spring clutch, formed with an upright stein, ending in a button or knob on thetop of the arm la,

lar in form, to iituupon the crank-shaft G, betweenthe inner lug g andthe hub ofthe driv`ing-wheel D. It rests upon this while the process of churning is going on, after which it is raised up, the crank-shaft drawn partially out, so as to'let the clutch rest on' the heb ci' the driving-wheel.' i

rl`he set-screw p on the outer end of the projecting arno it is loosened, the end of the 'spring supporter K. resting on the end of the inner pinicmsliaft lis raised and turned aside, and the inner shaft and pinion F drawn out, the inside' heater-rack C removed, andthe churn is ready for the process of gathering, which is done with :the outer beater-rack, reversing the mor tion used in churning, the crank-shaft being pushed hack into its former position, and the springfclntch let down again into plaeeon the shaft, 'as shown in Figure 2, whichshows an end view of my churn.

The heater-'racks are shown in dottedliues B and C. The position of the spring supporter 4K is seen with Vitsgend, which is coilared, to tit upon the outer end of the 'pinion-shaft 7 `mit the air, and prevent the cream from finding any G is the orank-shatton whieh'the 'driving-wheel D through which it passes. Its lower end is semicireu- I A:ma're that; numerous double-geared chuxns spxing clutch H, shell A, and beaters B and C, oper- `have been invented, and'I disclaim in my Vinvention ated as described, fox' the purpose hereinbefore speciany pertion which may befound in any otlier churn fied.

or like deice; but i Witness my hand to t'lxis my application for a nab f 'What Ivdo eiaim'ns new, and desire to secure by ent foran improvement in clmms' this 12th day of Letters Patent, is- Y June, A. D. 1869.

The arrangement f the crank-shaft'G, hub d', Witnesses: J. P MIYLRANIIA. living-wheel D, pinions E and F, shafts t and m, B. 0. CONVERSE, -b xes g, :mn k, .set-screw '11, supporting spring K, I. ENGENSPEBGER 

